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What is Laravel Sanctum and How It Works

Laravel Sanctum is a simple authentication package for SPA (single page applications), mobile applications, and simple, token-based APIs. It provides lightweight solutions for authenticating users using JSON Web Tokens (JWT).

1. Simplicity: Sanctum is designed with simplicity in mind, allowing developers to easily integrate it into their applications.

2. Flexibility: Sanctum supports various types of applications, including SPAs and mobile apps.

3. Security: Sanctum provides robust authentication methods to secure applications from unauthorized access.

1. API Tokens: Sanctum allows creating API tokens for users that can be used for authenticating API interactions.

2. SPA Authentication: Sanctum offers a way to authenticate SPAs using cookie-based authentication without needing complex methods like OAuth.

3. Mobile Applications: Sanctum supports authentication for mobile apps using personal access tokens.

1. Setting Up Sanctum:

composer require laravel/sanctum
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="LaravelSanctumSanctumServiceProvider"
php artisan migrate

Installs and sets up Sanctum in your Laravel application.

2. Creating a Token:

$user = User::find(1);
$token = $user->createToken('Token Name')->plainTextToken;

Creates a token for the user with ID 1.

3. Using the Token:

Authorization: Bearer {token}

Use the created token to authenticate API requests.

Advantages:

  • Simple to set up and use.
  • Supports various types of applications.
  • Secures applications.

Disadvantages:

  • May not be suitable for complex authentication scenarios.
  • Requires server configuration for proper cookie handling.

Laravel Sanctum is a powerful tool for authenticating users in various types of applications. Its simplicity, flexibility, and security make it a great choice for many developers. Understanding the principles of Laravel Sanctum allows you to effectively use its capabilities and create secure and scalable applications.

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