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Venture capitalists are so eager for artificial intelligence startups that they buy SPVs from each other at high prices

Venture capitalists are increasingly buying shares of late—stage startups on the secondary market, trying to get shares in the most popular companies - especially companies with artificial intelligence. But they are also increasingly doing so with financial instruments called special purpose vehicles (SVPs). Some of these SPVs are becoming such sought-after products that their prices are rising.

While this is good for venture capitalists selling SPVs, it is a riskier choice for buyers. And all this is another sign that artificial intelligence startups are inflating the bubble.

The secondary market is a place where existing shareholders, such as startup employees or venture capitalists who bought shares directly from the startup as part of a fundraising round, can sell some of their shares to others. But because private companies like startups have a say in who can own their shares, many venture capitalists don't have access. Venture capitalists who have access create SPVs and sell access to their shares to other venture capitalists or investors of their choice, such as wealthy individuals who are accredited investors.

However, buying a venture capitalist's SPV does not mean buying real startup shares. This is the purchase of shares of the SPV mechanism, which controls a certain number of startup shares.

“Buying SPV units means that [venture capitalists] will not own shares in the real company; technically they will be investors in another investor's fund,” Javier Avalos, co-founder and CEO of secondary transaction tracking platform Caplight, told TechCrunch.

While there's nothing new about SPV, venture capitalists selling their shares at a premium is a new trend worth paying attention to, Avalos said. For example, he has seen cases where SPVs holding shares of Anthropic or xAI set prices 30% higher than those for which the shares were sold in the last fundraising round or tender offer, he said.

This kind of buying frenzy is a way for investors who are lucky enough to own real stocks to make a quick profit. “If you are an institutional investor and get access to one of these companies, you could earn 30% instantly just by setting a higher price on the SPV,” he points out.

Buying a stake in an SPV, even at high prices, can also allow small venture capital firms to potentially reap the benefits in the future if these companies succeed. Small venture capital companies usually don't have deep enough pockets to be able to buy shares directly from the company as part of a fundraising event.

But owning an SPV compared to actually owning shares is a difference that matters a lot.

SPV owners, for example, have less idea about the financial condition of the company than the actual shareholders. They are not direct investors, so they will not have access to the startup's communications with their investors. They also do not have direct voting rights on the shares, which means they do not have the same influence on the company. On top of that, the startup did not agree on the terms of the deal with them individually. Venture capitalists and direct investors negotiate terms that range from the ability to buy more shares to the right to veto IPOs or acquisitions. SPV owners do not negotiate such terms directly with the startup.

The startup's value will have to rise significantly for an investor who has paid a 30% premium to make a profit. And if investors with voting rights agree to an acquisition that is beneficial for them, but unprofitable for those who paid more for their share in SPV, SPV sponsors will go bankrupt.

On top of that, the whole point of buying stocks on the secondary market is to buy them at a discount to their current value, vice president Brian Borton, a partner at StepStone, a firm specializing in the secondary market, told TechCrunch in June.

Investors buying expensive SPV shares, of course, are aware of this, but they are betting that these companies will show good enough results to make it worth it.

Perhaps it will be so. But given that AI gets high marks despite nascent use cases and revenues, this is quite a big risk.

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спонсоры SPV играют в рулетку грубо говоря

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